Nuke threats, energy tricky choices: IAEA
Foreign Desk Report

JAKARTA—The world faces a tricky task balancing fears of nuclear proliferation in Iran and North Korea with fresh interest in atomic power, including in Asia, to meet energy demands, UN watchdog chief Mohamed ElBaradei said. With developing countries expected to largely drive a forecast 53 percent increase in global energy consumption by 2030, there has been a resurgence of interest in nuclear power to meet this demand, he said.
“Nuclear energy alone is not a panacea, but it is likely in the near future to have an increasing role as part of the global energy mix,” ElBaradei said in a speech at Indonesia’s Ministry of Research and Technology. With rising industrialization, he said controlling the spread of nuclear technology was becoming increasingly difficult as peaceful nuclear programs could also be used to produce material for atomic weapons.
“Countries that have such operations are only a short step away from a nuclear weapons capability,” ElBaradei said, adding that the spread of nuclear technology had increased fears of proliferation. “At the same time that we are seeing rising expectations for nuclear power, we are equally witnessing concerns regarding the spread of nuclear weapons and of sensitive nuclear technology.
“The recent nuclear test by the DPRK (North Korea) and international concern about the nature of Iran’s nuclear program are two cases in point,” he said. “In my view, we are at a crossroads. It is essential for all parties to renew their commitments to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.”
ElBaradei said the pace of disarmament had been too slow, with 27,000 warheads in existence. “And it is becoming painfully clear that, as long as some countries place strategic reliance on nuclear weapons as a deterrent, other countries will be tempted to emulate them. We cannot delude ourselves into thinking otherwise.”
The IAEA head repeated his call for a resumption of negotiations to resolve the North Korean and Iranian nuclear issues. “I hope with the six-party talks, or any other channels, that we would be able to come up with a solution to the North Korean nuclear issue,” he told a press conference afterwards.
ElBaradei’s visit to Indonesia comes as North Korea continues to face heavy international pressure following its first atomic bomb test on October 9. Western nations are also pressing for sanctions against Iran over its uranium enrichment program which they fear is part of a drive to build a nuclear bomb.
ElBaradei said he was “looking forward to the resumption on negotiations,” reiterating that “sanctions alone is not a solution” to Tehran’s nuclear drive. He also repeated his call for a multilateral approach to ensure no one country has the capability to independently produce sensitive nuclear material amid increasing interest in atomic energy.
Most of the recent expansion of nuclear power has been in Asia, with China and India planning massive expansion of their generating capacity while Japan, Pakistan and South Korea are also planning to expand nuclear capacity. “In the near future we may well see additional countries in the Asia-Pacific region choosing the nuclear power option,” he said, pointing to interest in Indonesia and Vietnam.
Countries such as Turkey were also planning to introduce nuclear programs while many others, including Argentina, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan and South Africa, were planning to expand their existing programs, he noted.